Ultrasound technologists must take several specialized college courses.
Ultrasound sonographers typically complete several core classes in the life sciences as well as specialized courses focusing on ultrasound technology. Many colleges offer accredited programs that lead to an associate of applied science or bachelor of science degree in the sonography. Some also provide certificate programs for students who already have a degree in some other area of science.
Human Anatomy and Physiology
A two semester study of basic human anatomy and physiology provides students with knowledge of the basic physical structures internally and externally of the human body as well as an overview of system functions. Students must learn and name the physical structures in a battery of exams, often involving dissection of a mammal in which they identify the anatomical parts to a professor orally. The physiology portion of the course involves learning about the basic system functions of the human body including the nervous system, circulatory system, digestive system and others. A firm grasp on these concepts is necessary for success as an ultrasound technician.
Chemistry and Physics
Those pursuing a degree and career in ultrasound technology must successfully complete classes in basic physical sciences to properly prepare for an upper level course of study focusing on sonography. Theoretical and practical sonography concepts tie in closely with physics and chemistry. In basic inorganic chemistry, students learn about the periodic tables, balance chemical equations and gain practical experience with these matters in a laboratory environment. Basic physics courses focus on the relationship between natural physical law and the behavior of objects and processes affected by that law. A firm foundation in higher math such as algebra and geometry fosters success in these classes.
Introduction to Sonography
An introductory course imparts lessons about the role of sonographers in the medical field and the moral and ethical principles associated with the role. The class also focuses on medical terminology and prepares students to properly communicate with patients.
Obstetric and Gynecological Sonography
This course focuses specifically on the region of the female pelvis containing reproductive organs. Students learn proper imaging techniques for this specific area as well as spot abnormalities. Terminology specific to obstetrics and gynecology is also taught in this course.
Ultrasound Physics
The basic, intermediate and advanced courses teach students about acoustical physics and waves and their effects on human tissue. Students learn how ultrasound transmission through soft tissues produces images that aid in diagnosis.
Abdominopelvic Sonography
Students learn to locate and identify anatomical and physiological cross-sections within the abdominal and pelvic cavities. The class also teaches them proper scanning techniques for these sections and choose transduction equipment for the procedures.
Advanced Sonography Practices
This upper level course focuses on emerging sonography technology as well as including special topics and guest lecturers. Students learn about various specializations and advanced certifications available within the field.
Other Considerations
There are multiple paths of entry into diagnostic medical sonography. Formal education in sonography, training at hospitals, vocational-technical institutions or the armed forces, or a combination of these are accepted by employers.
"No states require licensure in diagnostic medical sonography," according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. "However, sonographers may become credentialed by one of the professional certifying bodies. Most employers prefer to hire registered sonographers because it provides an objective measure of an individual's professional standing."
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