Dermatologists diagnose and treat conditions that affect the skin, hair and nails.
Dermatologists diagnose skin disorders and diseases, perform procedures and prescribe medications. Many dermatologists also perform cosmetic procedures, such as Botox injections and chemical peels. Prospective dermatologists are required to complete a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree, become licensed as a physician, complete a three- to four-year dermatology residency program; and pass a certifying examination.
Undergraduate Degree
Before applying to medical school, aspiring dermatologists must have a bachelor's degree from a college or university. Many undergraduate institutions do not offer pre-med as a major, although these students typically are called pre-medical students; however, in most institutions, students are required to major in any field, but complete certain required courses. These courses are designed to prepare students for the Medical College Admissions Test (MCAT). Some of the courses include biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics and English.
Medical School
After passing the MCAT, students must be accepted into a medical school program to acquire their Doctor of Medicine. Medical school is a four-year program that includes a combination of classroom instruction and clinical training. The first two years are designated for classroom and laboratory instruction; students acquire clinical experience under the supervision of licensed physicians in hospitals, clinics and other health-care facilities during their last two years. After completing medical school, individuals must complete a residency program, typically in a hospital.
Dermatology Program
The dermatology residency program is three years. Students must complete academic courses as well as clinical training. Students undergo lectures, seminars, conferences and more. Some of the required courses provide in-depth training in some of the basic sciences, including anatomy, biochemistry, entomology, histology, oncology, pharmacology and more. Dermatology residency programs are designed to train students to be able to perform procedures, such as dermatologic surgeries and laser surgery. Also, during the residency program, students are required to complete formal examinations and obtain performance ratings by the school faculty.
Licensure and Certification
Before entering into a dermatology residency program, medical school graduates must pass the Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE). Obtaining a passing score on the USMLE enables physicians to obtain the required license to practice medicine in all states. Candidates for dermatology certification must complete a certifying examination administered by the American Board of Dermatology.
Salary
Employment opportunities for physicians are expected to increase by 22% between 2008 and 2018, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports. The bureau also reports that physicians who practice in medical specialties earned median annual salaries of $339,738 in 2008.
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