The trapezius is a large superficial muscle on the upper back that is opposed by the serratus anterior. The best exercises for this muscle are shoulder shrugs and upright rows for the upper part, pull-downs for the middle part, and rowing and dead lifts for the bottom part. The following steps will aid in your search for information about this muscle.
Instructions
1. Read up on Greek roots to know that "trapezius" means "figure with four unequal sides." This muscle is roughly a four-sided diamond shape. The upper corner is the neck, the left and right corners are the shoulders and the bottom corner is the twelfth thoracic vertebra.
2. Examine the trapezius to see that it elevates and retracts the scapula. The upper fibers rotate the scapula upwards, the middle fibers retract the scapula and the lower fibers rotate the scapula downwards.
3. Observe how the trapezius originates from the external occipital protuberance along the medial sides of the superior nuchal line, the ligamentum nuchae surrounding the cervical spinous processes and the spinous processes of the first cervical through the twelfth thoracic vertebrae.
4. Look at the insertion of the trapezius into the posterior, lateral one-third of the clavicle, the acromion and the superior spine of the scapula.
5. Research the nervous system to know that the nerve for the trapezius is the spinal accessory (eleventh cranial nerve) for the motor fibers and the ventral ramii of the third and fourth cervical nerves for the sensory fibers. Study the circulatory system to know that the blood supply for the trapezius is the transverse cervical artery.
Online education can be very appealing for busy adults looking to find a way to earn a degree without halting their lives to do it. Online education is also an option for younger children in a variety of settings. Online education and traditional classroom learning each have their merits and faults.
Pacing
In an online classroom, a student can work at his own pace to complete assignments within a broader deadline. For example, an online class might require a student to write a paper and participate in a discussion board within one week; he can choose the days during that week to complete those assignments. In a traditional classroom, deadlines tend to be stricter and students generally have to work all at the same pace.
Motivation
In an online classroom, a student must be her own source of motivation. In a traditional classroom, a teacher is there to motivate his students. Online, you would not have daily reminders to finish assignments and stay on track with learning; therefore, in an online classroom, students need to be able to manage their own time wisely.
Socialization
Online learning does provide opportunities for socialization, including discussion boards and group assignments. However, a traditional classroom provides more interaction with peers in a face-to-face setting.
Length of Time
Since you can work at your own pace with an online degree, it is possible to finish a degree in less time than it would take to attend traditional classes. This is especially helpful for working adults who want a degree in order to advance their careers quickly.
Open Doors
Online education provides a chance for people in a variety of situations to have access to education a traditional classroom does not provide. Teenage parents can stay home with their children and attend classes online; the same is true for older working adults, kids who have to remain at home for medical reasons, and teens who need to work in order to help support their families.
Tags: traditional classroom, Online education, online classroom, classroom student, does provide, education traditional
To find greater employment opportunities, many adults today pursue an undergraduate degree. For working people, however, traditional college schedules usually don't offer enough flexibility. Online undergraduate programs let you earn a degree at your own pace, in a convenient place and time. Choose only a fully accredited college or university online program. Accreditation means that other colleges (and by extension, businesses and governments that hire graduates) believe the school in question is qualified to offer a college degree. Many so-called online colleges aren't accredited, essentially rendering their degrees worthless.
Excelsior College
Excelsior College, formerly Regents College, offers bachelor's and master's degrees in more than 30 subjects, including criminal justice and nuclear engineering technology. A member of the New York State Board of Regents, Excelsior is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, Commission on Higher Education. In addition, it holds accreditation from the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission for its nursing degrees.
Excelsior College
7 Columbia Circle
Albany, NY 12203
888-647-2388
excelsior.edu
Empire State College
One of the few public online universities, Empire State offers both bachelor's and master's degrees, with undergraduate programs in such varied fields as historical studies, human development and education. The university emphasizes its rigorous course of study, requiring a minimum of 32 credits earned through the university. This assures potential employers that you actually studied for your degree and didn't just pass tests. Empire State, a member of the State University of New York, is also accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, Commission on Higher Education. New York State residents may apply for state aid and receive resident tuition.
Empire State College
21 British American Boulevard
Latham, NY 12110
800-847-3000
esc.edu
University of Phoenix
Established in 1976, this university offers associate's, bachelor's, master's and even doctoral degrees in a variety of fields including education, nursing, humanities and business. Classes are offered either online or in-class at one of the school's more than 200 locations nationwide. University of Phoenix is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, and is part of the the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. In addition, it holds accreditation from the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education for its nursing degrees, and from the Teacher Education Accreditation Council, Accreditation Committee for its master's degrees in teaching.
University of Phoenix
4635 E. Elwood St.
Phoenix, AZ 85040
866-766-0766
phoenix.edu
Tags: Empire State, Association Colleges, Association Colleges Schools, bachelor master, Colleges Schools, Excelsior College, master degrees
Enhance your nursing career. Enroll in online training for RNs.
If you are a registered nurse, it is a great time to start thinking about ways to advance your career. The U.S. Department of Labor Statistics projects that the employment rate of registered nurses in America will increase by 22 percent from 2008 to 2018. Ultimately, about 581,500 nursing jobs are expected to surface in all areas of health care as a result. Correspondingly, several colleges, medical universities and health care resource websites are offering vast varieties of online continued education training for RNs.
RN Webinars
Registered nurses can enhance their credentials from the comfort of home while still participating in a group learning "environment" by registering for nursing "webinars." Keeping with the theme of their name, webinars are basically seminars held in real-time over the Internet. Nursing resource websites such as "Advance Your Profession" and "RN.com" frequently host a variety of webinars for medical professionals, some which can count for up to 30 hours of continued nursing education. With webinars, RNs have the option of participating in scheduled "virtual classrooms" or viewing prerecorded nursing seminars online at your convenience 24/7.
Free RN Training Online
Medical professionals of all backgrounds --- including RNs --- can take advantage of a variety of online continued education in nursing programs at no charge with exams included. Health care resource websites like "Medscape" and "NurseLearn" continually add new and updated online nursing courses for home study. Self-study CD courses can be viewed at anytime of day or night from anywhere with Internet access. All exams --- that count toward credit hours --- can be completed online and are also free of charge. Some of the online RN training courses offered by Medscape and NurseLearn include "Medicare and Medicaid EHR Incentives," "Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors" and "Comprehensive Diabetes Care."
Distance Learning Certification Programs
If you are a registered nurse interested in expanding your knowledge and developing a specific area of expertise, pursuing a certificate in a specific concentration or field of interest can help advance your medical career. Fortunately, you can find numerous colleges and universities that offer RN certification programs to medical professionals that can be completed online. The Delmar Learning Center provides RNs with distance learning certification courses in blood-product administration. RNs interested in surgical nursing can enroll in the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill online surgical nursing course. University of Phoenix offers an online certificate in health-care informatics for registered nurses who want to enhance their data-management skills.
Forensic Nurse Training
In today's world of advanced crime investigation techniques, many RNs are finding that being a medical professional can open doors into the field of criminal justice. If you're a registered nurse or certified phlebotomy technician (CPT) with an interest in law enforcement, crime scene investigation or criminal justice, an online course in forensic nursing is a fascinating way to advance your career. The American Institute of Forensic Education provides RNs and CPTs with online continued education courses in forensic nursing, phlebotomy, identification of injuries and evidence of abuse and sexual assault examination. All courses include instructional DVDs and reference guides; some may require a short on-site internship at course completion.
Tags: continued education, online continued, online continued education, registered nurse, resource websites, advance your, advance your career
Apostrophes are very commonly misused. I see errors on Internet discussion boards, on signs advertising businesses, even in articles in newspapers and magazines. It is a rampant problem that is easy to correct with a little education. When you understand exactly when an apostrophe is to be used (and when it's not), you will never use one incorrectly again.Good grammar and punctuation are important to anyone who wants to write anything that anyone else is ever likely to read. They make your writing pleasant to read and easy to follow. Writing anything with bad grammar and punctuation will lose you some credibility points.Apostrophes have three basic uses: to replace missing letters or numbers, to show plurals of lowercase letters and single uppercase letters, and to indicate possession. They are not used for most plurals, which is the most common way to misuse an apostrophe.
Instructions
Missing Letters or Numbers
1. Use an apostrophe to indicate missing letters. This occurs when you are writing a contraction, such as don’t (do not), wouldn’t (would not) or it’s (it is).
2. Use an apostrophe for it’s only when you are writing a contraction of it is. When writing the possessive its, do not use an apostrophe.
3. Use an apostrophe to indicate missing numbers. This generally occurs when you are abbreviating the year, such as “it happened back in ’99.”
Plurals of Lowercase Letters and Single Capitals
4. Use an apostrophe to indicate the plural of lowercase letters, such as “my typewriter won’t make n’s.”
5. Use an apostrophe to indicate the plural of a single uppercase letter, such as “she gets all A's in school.”
6. There is no other time an apostrophe should be used to make a word plural.
7. Do not use an apostrophe for the plural of uppercase acronyms (MREs) or numbers (the 1980s).
Possessives
8. Use an apostrophe to indicate possession. If the noun is singular, such as girl or dog, put an apostrophe after the last letter and add an s (dog’s ball)—even if the singular noun ends in s (James’s car).
9. Add an apostrophe after the s if the noun is plural and ends in s, and do not add another s (girls’ ribbons).
10. Add an apostrophe and an s to plural nouns that do not end in s (women’s restroom).
A crisis grant, sometimes called a hardship grant is money given to individuals, families, or groups to help them in hard times. A crisis grant will not be granted to those who got in their situation because of bad choices, but only to those who had no control over the situation. For example, grants money may be given to pay for medical treatment, repair of housing after a natural disaster, help paying bills (must not be because money was spent unwisely), food, and emergency shelter.
Instructions
1. Start the hardship letter of in a formal manner. Put contact information on the top and address the recipient with Mr. or Mrs. It is best to contact the grant funding agency to find out who to address the letter too.
2. Describe you need of funding in a specific non technical why. If you need help paying your bills. Tell them what bills, how much they are individually, and why you are having trouble paying them.
3. Write in a emotional, personal manner. Avoid being demanding or to desperate.
4. Enclose copies of bills or other paper work that supports the need for a hardship grant. For example, you may need to attach bank statements, late notices on mortgage and car loans, previous year's tax returns, disability papers, unemployment paper work, and documents from the health department. Groups should also attach support letters.
5. Most importantly, while you must show a need you also must show the desire to help yourself. They do not want to fund a charity case, they want to help you help your self. So tell them what you are doing on your end.
6. End the letter with a thank you. Personally hand write your signature. If the hardship grant is for a group, the individuals that are in charge should sign.
Tags: hardship grant, crisis grant, Hardship Letter, Hardship Letter Crisis, help paying, Letter Crisis
College students often take out large loans to pay tuition and college costs.
Student loans are often necessary to obtain a a college education when scholarships, personal finances and grants are not enough for college expenses. The problem with student loans is that they can add up and the interest rates are often variable, making them difficult to pay back. Handling student loans can be challenging because some student may have problems making payments on the loan after graduation. The best way to handle student loans is to make consistent payments and start paying as soon as possible after graduation.
Instructions
1. Avoid private student loans until they are unavoidable. Government loans are regulated, so they are the best option for student loans. Take out private loans only when there are no other options to pay for school expenses. Government loans will typically cover most or all of the tuition costs for most schools. Private student loans are non-regulated loans given from a bank or similar lender that often have variable interest rates or very high interest rates. Interest rates that are very high or variable should be avoided whenever possible, especially in large loans like student loans because it can make the loan payments high or even impossible to repay after graduation.
2. Find out how much is owed and where the money is owed. Typically, the company that provides the student loan will send notices in the mail every semester of school and will begin sending notices immediately after graduation about once a month to remind students of the amount owed and which company gave the loan. If the paperwork is too confusing, ask for help at the college financial aid office.
3. Set up the best repayment plan for the situation. Repayment plans can vary from 10 year repayment to consolidated plans to 30 year repayment plans, depending on the loan, company and other factors. Usually the company will offer two to three different plans and will require that students pick the ideal plan based on their needs.
4. Find a job. Student loans give a six month grace period for students to find a job, start working and decide on the best repayment plan before bills are sent to the student.
5. Pay student loan payments on time every month. Paying late results in late fees that can add up quickly.
Tags: after graduation, student loans, interest rates, best repayment, best repayment plan, Government loans
Some of the nation's best public law schools are in the Midwest and the South.
U.S. News and World Report ranks the top law schools in the United States every year. The magazine takes into account several factors when determining the rankings, including: facilities and faculty, bar passage rates and selectively of admission. While private schools hold many of the top rankings, public law schools are also highly ranked. A majority of the top 10 public schools are in the Midwest and South. Tuition for all the top programs were current as of the 2009-2010 school year.
Top Three
Ranked the nation's No. 1 public law school is the University of California-Berkeley. Tuition: $35,907 for in-state students and $48,152 for out-of-state students.
University of California--Berkeley
School of Law
Boalt Hall
Berkeley, CA 94720-7200
510-642-2274
www.law.berkeley.edu
Ranked No. 2 public law school is the University of Michigan School of Law. Tuition: $43,250 for in-state students and $46,250 for out-of-state students.
University of Michigan
Law School
625 S. State St.
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1215
734-764-0537
law.umich.edu
Ranked No. 3 public law school is the University of Virginia School of Law. Tuition: $38,800 for in-state students and $43,800 for out-of-state students.
University of Virginia
School of Law
580 Massie Road
Charlottesville, VA 22903-1738
434-924-7351
law.virginia.edu
No. 4 Through No. 7
Ranked No. 4 public law school is the University of California-Los Angeles. Tuition: $35,327 for in-state students and $45,967 for out-of-state students.
University of California--Los Angeles
School of Law
71 Dodd Hall
PO Box 951445
Los Angeles, CA 90095-1445
310-825-2260
www.law.ucla.edu
Ranked No. 5 is the University of Texas-Austin School of Law. Tuition: $27,177 for in-state students and $42,814 for out-of-state students.
University of Texas--Austin
School of Law
727 E. Dean Keeton St.
Austin, TX 78705-3299
512-232-1200
utexas.edu/law
Ranked No. 6 is the University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign School of Law. Tuition: $36,420 for in-state students and $43,420 for out-of-state students.
University of Illinois--Urbana-Champaign
504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.
Champaign, IL 61820
217-244-6415
law.illinois.edu
Ranked No. 7 is the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities School of Law. Tuition: $28,203 for in-state students and $37,605 for out-of state students.
University of Minnesota--Twin Cities
Law School
229 19th Ave. S
Minneapolis, MN 55455
612-625-3487
law.umn.edu
No. 8 Through No. 10
Ranked No. 8 is the University of Iowa. Tuition: $21,432 for in-state students and $39,138 for out-of-state students.
University of Iowa
College of Law
320 Melrose Avenue
Iowa City, IA 52242
319-335-9095
law.uiowa.edu
Ranked No. 9 is Indiana University-Bloomington Maurer School of Law. Tuition is $24,891 for in-state students and $40,691 for out-of-state students.
Indiana University--Bloomington
Maurer School of Law
211 S. Indiana Ave.
Bloomington, IN 47405-1001
812-855-4765
law.indiana.edu
Ranked No. 10th is the College of William and Mary Marshall-Wythe School of Law. Tuition: $21,646 for in-state students and $31,846 for out-of-state students.
College of William and Mary (Marshall-Wythe)
Marshall-Wythe School of Law
PO Box 8795
Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795
757-221-3785
wm.edu/law
Tags: in-state students, Tuition in-state, Tuition in-state students, in-state students out-of-state, out-of-state students
Joining a professional association can open avenues for career growth.
Membership in a professional bookkeeping association communicates to clients, employers and potential employers that you're serious about your career. A bookkeeper often learns needed skills on the job, but without formal training, he may have knowledge gaps. Membership in a professional bookkeeping association provides advanced training and professional certifications. Preparing for a bookkeeping certification exam, a service offered by all the associations, has the added benefit of helping a bookkeeper add to his knowledge.
American Institute of Professional Bookkeepers
The American Institute of Professional Bookkeepers has 30,000 members and has been in business since 1987. The AIPB provides free assistance to members with accounting and payroll questions through the Member Answerline service, staffed by professionals. AIPB offers continuing education courses to members that cover subjects in accounting, payroll and finance. AIPB also offers discounts on services useful to a freelance bookkeeper, including FedEx shipping and professional liability insurance. Become a certified bookkeeper by taking a AIPB-designed national examination and meeting additional standards, including two years experience as a bookkeeper and signing a code of ethics.
National Association of Certified Public Bookkeepers
The National Association of Certified Public Bookkeepers exclusively supports the needs of bookkeepers who provide services to the public. The NACPB provides many standard bookkeeping-related forms and letters that you can customize for your own use. The NACPB has checklists for common bookkeeping tasks that you can use to increase your bookkeeping efficiency. Take the Uniform Certified Public Bookkeepers Examination online to become a NACPB Certified Public Bookkeeper (CPB). If you're a CPB, you can list yourself in the NACPB Directory. The NACPB markets this directory to the public using targeted marketing methods. The NACPB also offers licensing exams to become a certified payroll specialist and certified QuickBooks advisor.
National Bookkeepers Association
The National Bookkeepers Association represents, informs and supports bookkeepers throughout the U.S. The NBA offers training and practice for the Uniform Bookkeeper Certification Examination offered by the NACPB. This exam tests the bookkeeper's competency with 50 multiple-choice questions, according to NBA. The NBA also offers bookkeeper training at discounted rates. Guidebooks on subjects including bookkeeping, payroll and QuickBooks software are available at discounted rates. The NBA also offers payroll, Microsoft Excel and QuickBooks Certifications.
Tags: also offers, Certified Public, Certified Public Bookkeepers, Public Bookkeepers, accounting payroll, American Institute
Nursing school is expensive, but funding is available.
Nursing is a skilled trade in which individuals provide basic to intermediate level medical services to patients. Because the actions of nurses directly influence the health and general comfort of those who seek medical care, all nurses have to get a nursing degree or certificate from an accredited nursing program. The cost of these programs is one of the biggest factors in deciding whether to be a nurse and in choosing where to take classes.
School Options
Students have three main options for undergraduate nursing education: a two-year associate's degree program at a community college, a four-year bachelor's degree program at a public university, or a four-year bachelor's degree program at a private university. Of these, the Coalition for Nursing Careers in California lists community college associate degree programs as being the cheapest. These programs are the most popular option according to FutureMeld's BrainTrack website.
Cost Ranges and Averages
Cost Helper lists the 2009 averages and ranges associated with the cost of nursing education. The website lists the cost of an associate's degree program as $4,600 for in-state students and as much as $21,600 for out-of-state students. A public university bachelor's degree in nursing is between $20,000 and $27,000 for in-state students and between $36,000 and $99,200 for out-of-state students. Private 4-year institutions average about $80,000. These costs don't include other fees like taking the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX) or buying scrubs worn in clinical work. The Coalition for Nursing Careers in California points out that although larger institutions are more expensive, they may have better funding options.
Online Courses
The Internet makes it possible for nursing students to complete some or all of their nursing education online. This may be a cost-effective option for some students because they may not have to pay room and board, depending on the degree and specifics of the programs. However, online courses cannot replace hands-on clinical coursework, so students have to consider whether the savings of online classes is worth not having as much on-the-job training in terms of career preparedness.
Faculty Shortages and Application Numbers
According to the National League for Nursing, as of 2010, a shortage exists in the number of faculty for nursing programs. This faculty shortage means that larger numbers of applicants have to apply to the same programs and fewer programs are available. This means that supply and demand strongly influences the cost of a nursing education program--nursing programs may charge higher tuition rates to make faculty wages competitive and to control the numbers of applications received.
Grants and Scholarships
IIf students want to pursue a nursing education, but don't have the money, grants and scholarships are available that are only for nursing students. Some of these are general nursing scholarships and grants, but others are quite specific, such as being for male or Hispanic nurses only. Many different websites list these grants and scholarships. In addition, nursing students may be eligible for federal assistance if they fill out the federal Free Application for Student Aid (FAFSA).
The study of law is one of the oldest academic fields in the world, beginning as early as the ninth century. Globally, there are a number of different degrees conferred in the field of law. The most common degrees in the United States are the JD (Juris Doctor), usually a 3-year degree, and the SJD (Doctor of Law), the equivalent of a PhD in law. Today, law continues to be a premier field of study; there are approximately 200 law schools in the United States alone. There is good reason for these strong numbers, as there are numerous advantages of studying law.
Professional Opportunities in Law
Studying law can lead to myriad opportunities in the legal profession. A certificate program can lead to a career as a paralegal, while a JD allows you to pursue a career as an attorney or a law professor. Further, studying law can prepare you for a judicial clerkship, often a stepping-stone to a career as a judge.
Professional Opportunities Outside of Law
Studying law also allows for professional opportunities outside of the legal field. Law provides a solid foundation for careers in consulting, business, academia, politics and the non-profit sector.
Intellectual Challenge
The study of law requires analytical ability, complex thinking and a sharp memory. It is useful in and of itself for the stimulating, challenging intellectual experience it provides.
Credibility and Respect
Few degrees carry the weight and respect of a law degree. Studying law is an impressive accomplishment that can gain you respect and credibility among your friends and colleagues.
Confidence
Achieving success in the typically grueling intellectual requirements of studying law can engender a deep sense of confidence in a person.
Preparation for Further Study
A law degree provides a strong academic foundation for further study, such as the pursuit of advanced degrees in business or the arts.
Financial Stability
Depending on the type of career your study leads to, and assuming you can keep your school debt load low, law can be a route to financial stability. According to simplyhired.com, the average salary for a general attorney is $78,000. For many in private practice in cities, salaries can exceed $150,000.
The U.S. Department of Education has specific rules regarding how a college or university pays Pell grant awards to its students. The method most schools use is to first credit the student's account with the Pell grant award to pay off the student's outstanding expenses such as tuition fees, books and room and board. The school then typically refunds any remaining award amounts to the student by issuing her a check or depositing the money directly into her bank account by electronic funds transfer (EFT).
About Pell Grants
The Department of Education awards Pell grants based on a student's financial need, the total cost of higher education expenses and the amount of credit hours in which the student is enrolled. Students who receive Pell grants do not have to pay them back if they withdraw from classes or after they graduate. Maximum Pell grant awards are subject to change depending on the availability of government funding to the program.
Disbursement Dates
A school may disburse Pell grant funds up to 10 days before the first day of the school in each semester. If the school divides its educational year in sections other than semesters, the same 10-day rule applies. The school may also disburse a Pell grant award after the school's add/drop period passes. The school may make one disbursement per semester or may choose to make monthly payments to the student's account.
Excess Pell Funds
If there are excess Pell award funds after the school credits the student's account, the school can issue a refund check without the student's permission. If the student would like to have his award directly deposited to his bank account through an EFT, he must give permission to the school's financial aid office to do so. If the student leaves school, or otherwise becomes ineligible for the Pell grant before its disbursement, the financial aid office pays the student's outstanding expenses with the school and typically returns any remaining funds to the Federal Pell grant account.
Academic Progress
The school must review each student with a Pell award at the beginning of each semester or payment period for satisfactory academic progress before making a disbursement. If the student does not meet federal satisfactory academic progress standards, the school may choose to put the student on academic probation or not disburse his Pell grant award. To meet satisfactory academic progress requirements, the student must have a 2.0 grade point after attending school for two years and complete at least two-thirds of the amount of attempted credit hours.
Tags: Pell grant, academic progress, disburse Pell, disburse Pell grant, grant award, Pell grant award, satisfactory academic
history involves the study of the entire medieval society.
Many colleges and universities offer degree programs in medieval studies with concentrations in medieval church history. Any complete study of medieval history necessarily requires examination of the large role of the church during that time. Degrees in this area either form the basis for further education or lead to academic positions in teaching, research and writing.
Medieval Studies
Medieval studies programs, such as the one offered by the University of Oregon, focus on the time period from A.D. 300-1500 and combine disciplines from several departments. The program at Oregon draws upon history, art history, language studies, religious studies, music and the development of the English language. The University of Notre Dame offers studies through its Medieval Institute, which was founded in 1946 to study the cultures and people of the medieval world; the program includes church history with the Institute offering lectures and conferences to further its purposes.
Bachelor's Degree Programs
Students seeking a bachelor's degree in medieval history enroll in courses like early Christian art and history courses on the middle ages in Europe. Religious courses center on the history of Christianity and eastern Christianity. At a program such as the one at Notre Dame, students can choose medieval church history as a concentration area, and graduation requirements mandate four interrelated courses in medieval church history from a minimum of two departments like history and theology. Undergraduates in the medieval program at the University of Oregon contemplating graduate work take two years of Latin in addition to art, history and religion.
Master's Degrees
Students seeking a Master of Arts in Medieval Church History usually already possess a bachelor's degree in religion, theology or history; they should also be proficient in either Greek or Latin. Typical courses at the master's level include ancient and medieval church history and the writing of church history. Graduate students will take seminars and write research papers, often conducting the research by reading texts written in Greek or Latin. Such a master's degree can be an end in itself -- for students seeking a career in religious education -- or can be the next step towards a doctoral degree. The University of Notre Dame offers a master's program, but only as a prerequisite to entering its doctoral program; the Catholic University of America offers a master's without admission to its doctoral program.
Doctoral Programs
Doctoral degrees in medieval church history prepare students for teaching, writing and research at the college or university level. Students continue their studies of medieval texts in original languages and expand upon their area of concentration within medieval church history. The Catholic University of America, located in Washington D.C., offers doctoral students a concentration that includes the Byzantine, or Eastern, Church. The specialization chosen by each student will be continued in their professional life, both in teaching courses and publishing research papers.
Tags: church history, medieval church, church history, medieval church history, Notre Dame
Health care legislation remains controversial in the United States.
The Affordable Health Care Choices Act of 2009 (HR 3200) was a bill proposed in the House of Representatives to reform health care in the United States, according to Open Congress. The bill was not passed, but was superseded by the Affordable Health Care for America Act (HR 3962) which was passed by the House of Representatives in November of 2009. The similar Affordable Health Choices Act (HR 1679) was introduced to the Senate in September 2009, but it also failed to pass and ultimately a health care bill called the Patient Protection and Affordable Health Care Act was passed and signed into law in March 2010.
Health Care Controversies
The confusion over the proposed versions of the health care bill reflects the partisan controversies and heated debates that have swirled around the whole concept of national health care in the United States, with opponents claiming the health care is "socialized medicine" which will bankrupt the government. Accusations that the health care bill made provisions for "death panels," which would put the power of deciding how much care the elderly could receive were subsequently shown to be exaggerated, according to the New York Times. Proponents pointed out that the United States is one of the very few developed nations which lacks universal healthcare. According to PBS Frontline, five other capitalist democracies have workable universal healthcare programs.
Opponenets of Health Care Bill
The failed Affordable Health Care Choices Act contained provisions for tax increases and spending cuts to reduce the increase in the federal deficit, according to the Congressional Budget Office. According to the Washington Post, Republicans have vowed to dismantle the healthcare legislation that was passed. An article in Bloomberg reports that insurance companies are opposed to the healthcare bill on the grounds that citizens will choose the public option health insurance and they will lose business.
Response to Opponents
The Congressional Budget Office reported that the public option would not harm private insurance companies since only about 11 to 12 million people would enroll in the public option. The urban Institute argues that the public option would not harm the private insurers, but would form a niche insurance market.
Health Care and Partisan Politics
Public opinion on the health care reform follows very partisan lines, with Democrats generally in favor and Republican generally opposed, according to a Gallup survey, which reports that, "The majority of Republicans and Republican-leaning independents (66 percent) say they would tell their members of Congress to vote against a new healthcare reform bill. The majority of Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents (59 percent) say they would tell their members to vote for a reform bill."
Tags: Affordable Health, Affordable Health Care, public option, United States, Care Choices, health care bill, Health Care Choices
Many people today are working, caring for families and earning postgraduate degrees all at the same time. Here are some facts about taking online courses that may help you decide if it is right for you.
Work and Study
It is possible now to attend school and work a full-time job, thanks to online education. Most employers are very pleased to have their employees seeking additional education, and some allow flex time for them to log in and "attend" classes.
Family Life
If you have a family with children, both day and night courses (in residence) have their own difficulties--if you want a class where you can log in a few minutes after the kids are in bed, online classes may be for you.
Distance
Many times distance learning postgraduate courses are perfect for the student who lives in a small town, village or rural area. She can take courses from any university in the world that offers online courses, and stay right where she is.
Log-in Times
Although many courses allow you to access course material, offer responses and take exams any time, some professors have specific, pre-scheduled lecture times and discussion periods. Always check with the prospective instructor to see if this is the case and if the time restriction will work for you.
Courses With Short Residency
Some students enroll for online courses only to find out that they are expected to be on campus at some point. Sometimes these residencies are for labs, workshops or other adjuncts to class lectures. Read each course description carefully for this before you sign up, and if you are still in doubt, it is a good idea to contact the professor directly.
Teleconferences
Some professors hold one or more lectures by teleconference. This is where students call in to a common number, give a moderator a password and are admitted into the group. This is great for lectures that require immediate discussion, and sometimes avoids residency. Again, check with your instructor, and also ask her if you will need specific software to log in with your computer.
Travel
If you must travel while you are enrolled in your course and have some time restraints on course material, such as specific log-in times or a teleconference, always allow for time differences. Alert your instructor if you must travel during the term, especially if it is overseas.
Tags: online courses, check with, course material, have their, must travel
Rush week allows students to decide whether they want to pledge a sorority.
Sorority rush is the process by which women learn about the different sororities on a college campus that they can join. Less intense and burdensome than actually pledging a sorority, participating in rush week is important for any student who is undecided about joining a sorority or who is unsure of which sorority is right for her.
Weeklong Process
Rush week is a designated week on campus during which sororities demonstrate to potential sisters why they should consider rushing that sorority. At this point, which is before rushing actually begins, sororities are less concerned with whether they approve of a particularly potential sister and are more focused on putting a presentation to potential sisters. Increased interest in a sorority can raise its stature on campus and provide the sorority with a larger pool of candidates from which to choose.
Fee
Participating in rush week usually is not free. It's less expensive than actually joining a sorority, but the amount of money charged to a potential sister varies from campus to campus. The fee is known as either a recruitment fee, rush fee or rush cost and is non-refundable. The money is collected by the Greek advisory board that governs the campus' fraternity and sorority life and is used to fund the events that each sorority has throughout rush week.
Events
During rush week, sororities have a variety of events on campus that offer potential sisters the opportunity to meet women in the sorority and to learn about the bonds and friendships in the sorority. Students are free to visit sororities that interest them the most. Events often include refreshments at the sorority house, skits depicting what it is like to be a member of the sorority and parties with fraternities. The events are designed to be fun so as to encourage women to want to rush the sorority, and potential sisters are encouraged to ask questions about sorority life.
Pledging
At the end of rush week, potential sisters receive a bid from each sorority that is interested in having them join the sorority. A rushee can only accept one bid and once she has done so, she is committed to pledging that sorority. During the pledging process, the tables turn and the sorority becomes less concerned with impressing the pledge and more focused on deciding whether to accept the pledge into the sorority. The pledging process requires attendance and participation by the pledge in sorority events.
Tags: potential sisters, rush week, campus that, concerned with, each sorority, joining sorority, learn about
A Masters in Business Administration (MBA) is a valuable addition to any resume. With the flexibility in education available nowadays, students and professional can choose to pursue an MBA program full time or part time, on campus or online. Mumbai is the economic hub of India and has several institutes offering full time and part time MBA degrees. Make sure to check the accreditation of the institute you are interested in so that your degree is valid.
Welingkar Institute of Management
Welingkar Institute of Management located in Matunga, Mumbai, offers a three-year part time MBA degree. According to their website, the institute is affiliated to the University of Mumbai. The program requires candidates to successfully complete their bachelors degree. Students also need to have at least two years of work experience in an executive or supervisory role to be eligible to apply for the part time MBA program.
Prin. L. N. Welingkar Institute of Management
Lakhamshi Napoo Road, Near Matunga (Central Rly.),
Mumbai- 400 019.
91-22-24178300. Ext: 148/142
welingkar.org
N.L. Dalmia Institute of Management Studies and Research
The N.L. Dalmia Institute of Management Studies and Research offers a three-year part time MBA program in Marketing Management, Human Resource Development Management, and Financial Management. According to their website, the program is affiliated to the University of Mumbai. The eligibility requirements for the part time program include completion of a bachelors degree and two years of supervisory work experience. A total of 90 students are accepted in each of the three concentrations.
N. L. Dalmia Institute of Management Studies and Research
Sector 1, Srishti Complex,
Opp. Bhaktivedanta Hospital,
Mira Road (East), Mumbai - 401 104.
91-22-28454949
nldalmia.in
Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies
The Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies offers a three-year part time MBA program with electives including Marketing, Finance, Human Resources Management, Information Systems, and Operations Management. Eligible students must have a bachelors degree and three years of supervisory experience. A total of 180 students are accepted in to the program each year. Students begin specializing in their chosen electives from the second year onwards.
SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies,
School of Business Management
V. L. Mehta Road,
Vile Parle (W),
Mumbai - 400 056.
91- 22- 26134577
nmims.edu
Tags: Institute Management, part time, Institute Management Studies, Management Studies, part time program, time program, bachelors degree
College football players bring notice to their schools by participating in intercollegiate games. In addition to taking classes, these students travel across the country to play football games against teams from other universities. National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I and Division II member universities with football programs offer scholarships to outstanding student-athletes playing on their teams.
Academic Eligibility
To qualify for NCAA football scholarships, students must apply to the NCAA's Eligibility Center, which determines their academic qualification for university enrollment and athletic amateur status. Specifically, to be eligible for scholarships, students must take SAT or ACT tests, complete at least 16 credits (14 if enrolling at a Division II school) each of high school English, mathematics, social studies and elective courses and receive satisfactory grade point averages in their core subjects. Additionally, prospective college football players must meet their universities' academic admission requirements, which are often more stringent than the NCAA's academic guidelines. Also, once enrolled in college, students must make satisfactory academic progress to maintain their scholarships.
Athletic Eligibility
In addition to being academically eligible, prospective college football players must meet the NCAA's athletic eligibility requirements to receive and maintain scholarships. These rules state that students must have "amateur status," which means they must not take payments of any kind, hire agents, receive any form of compensation in exchange for their athletic performance or attempt to begin professional athletic careers. Additionally, football players at NCAA schools must remain free of drug use and undergo testing for illegal and performance-enhancing substances to obtain and remain on scholarship.
Athletic Skill and Character
In addition to academic prowess, college coaches and athletic directors look to sign high school football players with high levels of athletic skill. Typically, universities with larger, more well-known Division I football programs offer scholarships to star players with top athletic talent, while lesser-known Division I and Division II schools recruit solid players with good skills who were not necessarily high school stars. In addition to on-the-field success, many college coaches and athletic directors consider students' character and personalities when making scholarship decisions.
Amounts
A college football scholarship from an NCAA school covers the full cost of university tuition and administrative fees for the entire time a student-athlete is enrolled in classes. Students can use a football scholarship to pay the entire cost of earning a four-year college degree, saving them thousands of dollars upfront and removing the need to take out costly student loans, allowing them to save more in the long run.
Tags: football players, students must, high school, players with, amateur status
The GRE can be taken on a computer or on paper at testing centers worldwide.
The Graduate Records Exam (GRE) is use to measure your readiness for business school and post-graduate academic programs. The test is administered on paper, or on a computer, at certified testing centers all over the world. Preparation for the exam can be done online through test-prep companies and schools.
Terms of the Test
According to the non-profit Educational Testing Services (ETS), which administers the GRE, more than 3,200 academic programs use the exam to measure a student's ability to thrive in upper-level academic programs. The GRE General Test does not require knowledge of any particular subject. Some programs, however, will require scores from one of the GRE subject tests, offered in computer science, English literature, as well as several science and math specialties.
Consult an admissions counselor at the school to which you're applying to find out which tests you need to take.
Subjects
Basic college-level math will be tested in the general GRE.
The GRE covers three main areas of academic ability. No particular subject matter is covered, for example you will not be tested on any science or history knowledge. Your grasp of language and basic math will be challenged in a variety of ways.
The analytical writing section will test your critical thinking and writing skills. Expect to write short, clear essays that cover several points.
The verbal reasoning is a test of your reading comprehension and vocabulary. A vast range of English terms are tested, as well as your ability to grasp complex themes.
The math section, known as "quantitative reasoning" will cover basic arithmetic, algebra, geometry and some data analysis. You can expect to see material from college algebra and geometry, as well as some statistics.
Prepare Online
There are many companies that offer GRE test preparation online. The ETS offers a free GRE preparation service called "Powerprep." Included in the program are two GRE General Test practice tests, several samples of the analytical writing topics, test-taking strategies, and a math review.
Princeton Review and Kaplan are the most popular test-prep services in the country. Both of these companies sell GRE preparation courses and materials online.
Register Online
To register for the GRE, you need to make an appointment. The computer-based exam can be taken all year at designated testing centers around the world. The ETS website allows registration at all locations.
Once you have determined where you want to take the test, schedule an appointment to take the computer-based exam, or sign up for one of the paper-based exam dates.
Taking the Test
Be sure to familiarize yourself with the information sent to you by ETS when you register for the GRE. Bring proper identification and a sweater in case it gets cold.
If, before completing the test, you feel certain that you have not performed your best, for example, if you ran out of time on several sections, you can cancel your score. You won't get to see how you did if you elect to cancel the score, but it will not be recorded either.
Afterward
If you receive your score and are unhappy with it, you can take the test again. You can only register to take the GRE once per month.
ETS will send your score records to up to four recipients for free. If you have taken the GRE more than once, your score record will show all the scores you have received on the GRE in the last five years.
The LSAT, or Law School Admission Test, reading comprehension section tests one's ability to analyze and understand sophisticated ideas and arguments. Successful lawyers are able to draw inferences from complex material and recognize subtle connections between seemingly unrelated phenomena. Such skills develop over time, so aspiring lawyers must adequately prepare for the LSAT.
Instructions
1. Understand the format of the reading comprehension section. Test takers must read relatively long, dense passages drawn from a broad range of subjects, including law, history and art. A group of five to eight multiple choice questions follows each passage. One set of questions asks readers to compare two brief article excerpts and three question sets will address only one article.
2. Read material similar to that presented on the LSAT. To correctly answer reading comprehension questions, you must identify viewpoints represented in passages, effectively analyze the organizational structure and premises of complex arguments and evaluate specific characteristics of reading samples. Read articles intended for a lay audience in which the author takes a well-supported stance on an issue through the use of complex ideas and sophisticated arguments.
3. Keep common question styles in mind when reading practice articles. Identify each article's thesis, note discussions of alternative arguments, determine strengths and weaknesses of the opposing viewpoints and analyze the author's conclusion and supporting evidence.
4. Practice answering reading comprehension sections under timed conditions. You must complete the section in 35 minutes, so it's crucial to practice pacing yourself well before test day. When taking practice tests, always simulate testing conditions. Eliminate distractions, strictly adhere to time limits and answer questions without using study materials.
5. Enroll in an LSAT prep course. Benefits of a prep course include access to study material, practice tests, classroom instruction, LSAT subject matter reviews and test-taking strategies. If scheduling constraints prevent you from enrolling in a traditional prep course, enroll in an online course or hire a private tutor. Most students significantly increase LSAT scores after completing a reputable prep course.
A business degree is one of the most versatile degrees--with it you can work in virtually any industry. At a business trade school, you can complete a range of degrees among a variety of specialties while choosing the pace at which you want to enter the workforce. You may even enter the workforce with your AA and continue pursuing higher degrees.
Instructions
1. Choose the business degree you want to pursue. Your choices include AA, BA and MBA, but you must complete your BA before starting your MBA. Pick your emphasis, either international business, human resources, accounting, marketing or general management.
2. Select an accredited business trade school that offers features to fit your goals and lifestyle. Ask about online programs and/or flexible schedules like evening and weekend classes. Explore fast-track programs that will place you in the workforce within months. Find out how much real-world, hands-on instruction the school provides. Ask if the faculty members have worked as professionals in the field and if current technology is used and taught. Verify the employment rate for graduates.
3. Submit an application, often available online. Meet the admissions requirements, which are usually limited to a high school diploma. Attend any mandated interviews with admissions counselors and take a placement test to determine the course level at which you will start.
4. Finance the tuition. Know the amount of tuition fees, based on your credit level, and their due dates. Pay out of pocket or apply for financial aid and grants. Meet with the school's financial services office to learn more.
5. Take advantage of career services offered by the school. Work with the career placement office to fine-tune your resume and practice your interviewing skills. Join business student associations to start networking with others in the field and establish connections that will help you get hired after you complete your business trade school program.
Tags: business trade, business trade school, trade school, business degree, complete your, enter workforce
Online cooking classes can teach you to cook like a pro.
Not everyone is taught cook when they are growing up, and this means that you may be at a loss when you move out on your own or come across a situation where you need to cook for multiple people. Cooking is not an easy skill to master and it takes practice and instruction. Thankfully, there are online cooking classes that offer this instruction. These classes allow you to participate in a cooking class in your own home and with a little bit of time and effort, you could be cooking like a pro and impressing your friends and family.
Instructions
1. Decide what type of cooking class you want to take. There are many different online classes ranging from bachelor's degree programs in culinary arts to professional gourmet cooking classes to beginner's informal instruction. Think about what you do and don't know about cooking and what you are interested in learning. For example, if you have little to no cooking experience, you shouldn't enroll in a gourmet class; start instead with a beginner's lesson.
2. Consider whether you have room in your budget to pay for online cooking classes. Some courses are free and some require payment up front, so make sure you take this factor into consideration during your decision-making process.
3. Ensure that you will have the time to devote to taking the class as well as any additional work outside class such as cooking specific dishes on your own.
4. Carefully read all information posted about the course and send an email to the contact email address listed on the course's website with any questions or requests for additional information you may have before submitting any payment for the course.
5. Make sure you are aware of everything involved in taking the class and everything you are expected to have including utensils, ingredients and reference books.
6. Enroll in the cooking class. You may need your credit or debit card details to complete this step if your class isn't free.
7. Log on to the instructional website promptly at the designated course time. Follow the class instructions and schedule and note which methods went well and which were more challenging.
8. Find out if any discussion or chat rooms are available to communicate issues you are having or share successes with the teacher and other students in the class.
9. Move on to a more advanced class as your skills grow.
Tags: cooking classes, cooking class, class your, online cooking, taking class
Putting just one child through college can be a bank-breaking experience for parents. For parents with more than one child of the same age, the financial burden of giving their kids a decent education can often be too much to bear. Thankfully, a number of organizations and educational institutions offer ways to help cut down on the stress of paying for college, just when families with twins are facing the prospect of double financial trouble.
50 Percent Discounts
Many colleges and universities in the United States offer discounts to siblings enrolled simultaneously. George Washington University in Washington, D.C., offers a 50 percent discount for simultaneous enrollment of a family's second sibling. Sterling College in Kansas and Lake Erie College in Painesville, Ohio, also offer a 50 percent discount for both twins if enrolled at the same time. Similarly, Wilson College in Philadelphia offers one scholarship a year to concurrently enrolled twins or triplets, which pays 45 percent of all siblings' tuition.
Other Multiple Sibling Scholarships
Quinnipiac University in Hamden, Connecticut, offers multiple siblings scholarships of $2,000 to concurrently enrolled siblings. Multiple siblings attending California Baptist University are eligible for an annual $1,000 scholarship. The Paula Nieto Twin Scholarship at Carl Albert State College in Oklahoma offers each twin an award of $200 per semester.
Housing Waivers
Some colleges or universities will offer housing discounts or waivers to twins living on campus. Northeastern Oklahoma A&M College pays for semi-private dorm room expenses for freshman and sophomore twins or triplets attending at the same time.
Academic Scholarships for Twins
The Furlotte Twins Endowed Scholarship at Eastern Michigan University is offered to upperclassman with grade point averages (GPAs) of 3.0 or higher. The Kelley School of Business at Indiana University Layton Frazier McKinley Scholarship offers an award of varying amounts to twins with a 3.3 GPA or higher.
Twins Day Festival
The Twins day Festival in Twinsburg, Ohio, offers a $1,000 scholarship to high school seniors. To be eligible, applicants must have registered for and attended three of the last five festivals. Applicants can request a form at www.twinsdays.org.
Scholarships from Twins Organizations
Some state and local twins organizations offer scholarships for twins. The award amounts and eligibility requirements vary. The National Organization of Mothers of Twins Clubs (www.nomotc.org) provides links to these various state and local organizations (click on "find a local club" on the lefthand side of the page). On the local pages you can find specifics on award amounts, eligibility and the application process.
Tags: amounts eligibility, award amounts, award amounts eligibility, College Scholarships, College Scholarships Grants, colleges universities
Law schools in France are not independent as in other countries.
The best law schools in France do not have great international recognition.
In France the law schools are not independent, as is the case in other countries. The law schools are adjoined to a university, which offers a variety of subjects for their students to study, as opposed to operating as an independent institution which specializes exclusively in legal studies. The majority of courses in French law schools concern French law, which in turn concerns European Union law.
Universite Paris I Pantheon - Sorbonne Law School
A department within the Universite Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne, the Sorbonne Law School is the most prestigious French school for legal studies. Known in France as the Ecole de Droit de la Sorbonne, the institution is based in Paris. The university is the biggest in France. The law school has formal connections with Kings College London, the University of Cologne, Columbia University and Cornell University. It is considered to have the 36th most popular Masters Law course according to the Masters of Law, the LL.M, guide. All courses are instructed in French.
Universite Paris 1 - Pantheon-Sorbonne
9, rue Malher
75004 Paris
France
00-33-1-44-78-33
univ-paris1.fr/diplomes/llm
Universite Pantheon-Assas Paris II - Pantheon Assa University
Informally known as Paris deux, the University offers a variety of subjects but a large number of its students study law. It is located in the Latin quarter of Paris, next to its sister university the Paris I Pantheon-Sorbonne. The university has 24 research centers and five doctoral schools. There are 1,630 teachers and over 8,000 graduates every year. All of the universities courses are either in French or English.
Universite Paris II - Pantheon Assas
Institut de droit
28 rue Saint-Guillaume
75007 Paris
France
01-44-41-57-00
u-paris2.fr
Universite Jean Moulin Lyon III
Proud of its history, the university has educated lawyers since 1875. The Universite Jean Moulin III offers a wide variety of courses, including European Business Law and International Law. It is located right in the centre of Lyon, the second biggest city in France. The university has partnerships with a number of other institutions in Europe, including the University of Helsinki, the Aristotle University in Thessaloniki, the University of Bologna, the University of Barcelona and the Moscow State Law Academy. The Doctoral School of Law at the university encourages P.hD. students and teachers to contribute to its research programs.
Ecole Doctorale de Droit
15 quai Claude Bernard
69007 Lyon
France
edocdroit-lyon3.com
Tags: Universite Paris, Paris Pantheon, Paris Pantheon-Sorbonne, Jean Moulin, legal studies
Having a doctorate is an honor, and one that requires a lot of hard work and dedication. You can earn a Ph.D. or another type of doctorate degree online, through distance education. According to WorldWideLearn, those with doctorate degrees earn nearly $40,000 more annually than those with bachelor's degrees. There are myriad online Ph.D. programs available.
Capella University
Capella University is a fully accredited institution of higher learning that offers dozens of Ph.D. programs. They offer credit for work experience and take previously earned credits from other institutions. Financial aid is available for those who qualify, and veterans can use their education benefits. If you are looking to study education, organization and management, human services, public safety, information technology or psychology, then Capella University might just be the place for you.
University of Phoenix
Founded in 1976, University of Phoenix isn't just fully accredited; it is also the largest online school, with over 100,000 students (according to The Distance Learning College Guide). Their classes start weekly, and they offer flexibility for those who need to work their class schedule around their hectic lives. They offer programs in business, education, and nursing, among others.
Walden University
Walden University has been around since 1970 and has become one of the foremost online distance education schools in the country. They are fully accredited and offer programs in management, education, health care, psychology and public health. They even offer post-doctoral certificates in psychology if you're wanting to go the extra step. If you are looking for a rigorous course of study that will teach you what you need to apply to your current job as you learn it, then Walden University might be the right choice.
Argosy University
Argosy University specializes in business and education doctorates and it is regionally accredited. It is also a member of the North Central Association Commission on Accreditation and School Improvement. If you're looking for a more specialized school and are wanting to study in the fields of business or education, then Argosy University has a lot to offer.
Liberty University
Liberty University is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, and offers Ph.D. programs in ministry, education, philosophy, and theology. They also offer post-doctorate certificates in education. There aren't many schools offering online Ph.D. programs in ministry or theology so if you're interested in a religious-based education, Liberty University may be the school for you.
Tags: Argosy University, business education, Capella University, fully accredited, Liberty University
Traditionally, students worked toward degrees by attending classes at an educational institution. Many schools, however, now offer online programs, allowing individuals to learn from the comfort of their own home. There are advantages and disadvantages to each approach.
Coursework
Working toward a degree online allows individuals to take courses that may not be offered by a standard educational institution in their area.
Fellowship
Online degree programs to not offer the one-on-one interaction afforded to students who are enrolled in a traditional degree-granting program.
Schedule
Many adult students who maintain full time employment enjoy the flexibility afforded by online institutions. When working toward a standard degree, classes are scheduled at specific times, making it difficult for those with other obligations.
Tuition
The costs associated with an online degree program are often a fraction of those charged by a traditional institution.
Validation of the Degree
Some people who have matriculated from an online program have reported that employers do not value their education in the same manner as one who graduated from a standard degree program.
Tags: degree program, educational institution, standard degree
Harvard has different requirements than many business schools.
In 2010, Harvard Business School, or HBS, was ranked as the country's top business school by "U.S. News and World Report." Harvard Business School was founded in 1908, making it one of the oldest management programs in the United States. Harvard Business School is also known for the somewhat different way it chooses its students.
A Habit of Leadership
Harvard Business School looks for leaders in every walk of life. Extracurricular activities in college, business achievements, personal accomplishments or leadership positions in the military--all are things HBS takes into account when assessing potential students' leadership abilities and potential. Leadership is essential to success at HBS and in life. Potential students must submit a portfolio that includes their accomplishments and any experiences that reflect their leadership abilities. Successful leadership can include starting your own business, spearheading a workplace initiative or directing a military combat squad.
Capacity for Intellectual Growth
HBS uses a case-based method of learning, which takes actual business models and asks student to study and find ways to make the business better. HBS expects student to be able to assess, analyze and act upon the complex and ambiguous information that comes with this method. In selecting its students, HBS also reviews prior academic performance and Graduate Management Assessment Test or Graduate Record Exam scores. The Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or International English Language Testing System (IELTS) scores may also be applicable. While no particular course of study is required, students must show an ability to understand analytical and quantitative concepts.
Engaged Community Citizenship
HBS looks for students who strive for the highest ethical standards. Respect and eagerness are key characteristics of HBS students and potential HBS students. No minimum work experience is required for the program, but prior experience in business and a college community are considered.
Tags: Harvard Business, Harvard Business School, Business School, Business School, leadership abilities, students must
More and more schools are beginning to use Smart Boards.
Interactive Smart Boards allow teachers to instruct students using the Internet on a large board. Teachers can then use special markers to draw on the visual created by the Internet or a document. Smart Boards are especially useful because they help teachers reach students through multiple teaching styles. For example, students can learn visually, through pictures or video, and they can draw or annotate on the Smart Board, stimulating hands-on learning.
Instructions
1. Find Internet sites that are tied to your lesson. Search for sites that you can refer to during your lecture. Save the sites in your favorites. You can use the sites to make points during your discussion and spark conversation with the students. As you refer to the sites and show them on the whiteboard, use the special markers created for the Smart Board to write notes. Invite the students to search for points, theories or main ideas in passages from the sites and circle or draw a line under them.
2. Show educational videos on the Smart Board and include your notes. Videos on DVDs can be projected to the class. You can draw a circle around a visual that you want to draw attention to. You can stop the video and ask a student to come up to the board and write a two or three sentence summary of a scene on the whiteboard.
3. Ask the students to create their own multimedia presentations. Students can create presentations using video and PowerPoint slides, illustrating what they have learned. You can use the interactive whiteboard to display the presentations, and other class members can critique the presentations, posting notes and comments on the whiteboard.
4. Share student essays with the class and edit them on the whiteboard. Erase students' names for privacy and use the whiteboard to present typed essays from a word-processing program, like Microsoft Word. Edit out wordy statements and ambiguous phrases. Draw arrows to illustrate how the essay can be reorganized, and show students use an online dictionary or thesaurus to improve word choices in their essays. Students can email their essays to you, or they can give you their essays on a disc.
5. Distribute handouts to the class electronically. Annotations that you write on the whiteboard and supplemental information that you type in a word-processing program can be distributed to the class via email or posted on a class blog. You will reduce time spent at a copier and reduce time spent distributing missed assignments to absent students. Students who may have missed a lecture will have access to these notes, and students will always have the handouts available to study for upcoming quizzes and tests.
Tags: Smart Board, Smart Boards, their essays, during your, reduce time, reduce time spent, sites that
Lake Powell is full of fun activities and adventures. With so much to do and so little time in just one day, you'll have to narrow down your choice of activities. Jumping into the water is likely the best activity at Lake Powell. After all, what is a day at the lake without getting wet? Here are some ideas to make the most of your day.
Instructions
1. Spend time in the water. Lake Powell is a great place for boating. Take your own boat or rent a boat from a local marina. If you have only one day, you definitely want it to be a wet one. This is a gorgeous lake, and being on a boat lets you see the scenery more than any other activity.
2. Skim the lake on water skis. You'll find plenty of great spots for water skiing at Lake Powell. The water is perfect for all levels of skiers.
3. Go swimming at one of the many beautiful shores along Lake Powell. Boat to a more secluded beach for swimming, or use a public access beach. Either way, the water will be great. Toward the end of summer, water temperatures average 80 degrees Fahrenheit. The weather is cool enough to be refreshing, yet warm enough to enjoy.
4. Go fishing. Lake Powell is home to several types of game fish. Trout, walleye, crappies and bass are among the popular fish in the lake. March through November is the prime time for fishing. Obtain a license at a local marina and check out catch limits and fishing regulations while you are there.
5. Try your hand at a kayak or canoe, which you can rent at the marinas. You can also sign up for kayak and canoeing tours, which are a fantastic opportunity to see some of the beautiful canyons and sites at the lake.
6. Take a boating tour if you are timid about maneuvering your own watercraft. Choose from several tours that vary in length. For schedules, call Wahweap at (928) 645-1070 or Bullfrog at (435) 684-3000. Smooth-water rafting is also a great option that is safe and fun for the entire family. Call (800) 528-6154 or (928) 645-3279, or write Wilderness River Adventures, P.O. Box 717, Page, Arizona, 86040 for more information.
The basic law degree is the requirement for admission to the bar of most states. Lawyers who wish to further their legal educations beyond the three-year law degree can pursue advanced degrees that allow them to specialize in particular fields of law or that prepare them to become legal scholars.
Identification
The basic law degree is known as a Juris Doctor, or J.D. Students who wish to become lawyers must complete a bachelor's degree to be admitted to law school. Students undergo a three-year program of legal studies to receive a J.D. Some countries, such as Great Britain and Canada, refer to the basic law degree as a Bachelor of Laws, or LL.B. A handful of American law schools refer to their basic degree as an LL.B.
Types
In addition to the J.D. or LL.B., many law schools offer a range of advanced degrees. The most common is the Master of Laws, or LL.M. A less common law degree is the Doctor Juridical Science or Doctor of the Science of Law, styled S.J.D. or J.S.D.
Master of Laws (LL.M.)
This degree is the legal field's equivalent of a Master of Business Administration (MBA) or other master's degree. Most LL.M. programs allow students to specialize in a particular area of the law, such as tax law or international law. In most cases, a year of full-time study is required for a student to receive an LL.M. Some programs are research-oriented and require completion of a thesis, while others require only that students complete a series of courses.
Although an LL.M. is not required in most cases for employment as a lawyer, the degree signifies that the holder has specialized training and expertise in a legal specialty.
Doctor of Laws (J.S.D./S.J.D.)
The J.S.D. or S.J.D. is equivalent to a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and is the most advanced law degree available. Like the Ph.D., the J.S.D. is a research doctorate. The degree emphasizes the scholarly, scientific study of the law. Not all law schools offer this degree, which can require 3 to 5 years of study to complete.
A J.S.D. program's requirements are similar to those for a Ph.D., including the required completion of a dissertation that contributes to the scholarly literature in the field of law. J.S.D. recipients often work in academic and research positions in academia or government.
Considerations
Applicants for an LL.M. or J.S.D. program must have a J.D. or LL.B. Some J.S.D. programs may require an LL.M. for admission as well.
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An accelerated-degree program allows a student to complete a degree in less time than required by a traditional program. A student may accomplish this by relying on past coursework, a more intense class schedule or both. Some accelerated-degree programs are available only to students who already have degrees in other fields, or who have two-year degrees and want to pursue four-year degrees. Accelerated-degree programs are available at many traditional universities, as well as through online and distance-learning institutes.
Type
Accelerated-degree programs may offer associate's, bachelor's, master's or Ph.D. degrees, as well as professional or technical degrees and certificates. The programs may include areas of study such as arts and sciences, business, law, nursing, education, engineering and computer science. Some programs require on-campus classes; others rely on distance or online learning; some use a combination of both. Fields such as nursing generally require an on-campus practicum component, as well as on-campus or distance-learning classes.
Time Frame
The length of time required for an accelerated degree depends on the degree program, the type of degree, how much related coursework students have already completed, and how many classes they can take simultaneously. Some online degree programs allow a four-year bachelor's degree to be completed in one year (for those who already have two-year associate's degrees or a bachelor's degree in another field). Some online MBA programs can be completed in 10 months.
Benefits
Accelerated degrees allow students to complete course requirements more quickly than traditional degree programs, which can help them start meeting their career objectives sooner. These programs can be particularly advantageous for students who have a previous degree but want to change careers. Many accelerated-degree programs are partly or wholly offered through distance-learning classes, which allow students to study in their own locations, often on a more flexible schedule than traditional classes. They also allow students in the military to enroll in coursework, as well as students who don't live near a university. Some students also find that the accelerated pace helps them keep their focus on their coursework.
Risk Factors
Although accelerated-degree programs have many advantages, they are not appropriate for everyone. Students who need to work full or part time may find that they do not have enough time for an extensive course load, and may prefer a program with a slower pace. While some students prefer the distance-learning classes of many accelerated-degree programs, others learn better through in-person instruction and classroom interaction. Some students may also experience more burn-out and weariness with an accelerated degree than they would with a traditional program.
Expert Insight
Many accelerated-degree programs are offered by respected educational institutions, but others may be inferior programs or scams. In choosing an accelerated-degree program, students need to make sure the program comes from an accredited institution, and that the accrediting agency is well known. Students should also find out details on admission requirements, program requirements, how much credit they can receive for past coursework or degrees, and how quickly they can complete the program. Students should also research whether the accelerated-degree program is partly or exclusively offered through distance learning, and whether it is taught by highly educated teachers.